diff --git a/backend/internal/ai/stt/deepgram.go b/backend/internal/ai/stt/deepgram.go
index 54da674..8d19246 100644
--- a/backend/internal/ai/stt/deepgram.go
+++ b/backend/internal/ai/stt/deepgram.go
@@ -18,21 +18,22 @@ type DeepgramService struct {
 	apiKey   string
 	model    string
 	endpoint string
+	timeout  time.Duration
 	logger   *zap.SugaredLogger
 }
 
 // NewDeepgramService 创建 Deepgram STT 服务。
-func NewDeepgramService(apiKey, model, endpoint string, logger *zap.SugaredLogger) *DeepgramService {
-	if model == "" {
-		model = "nova-2"
-	}
-	if endpoint == "" {
-		endpoint = "wss://api.deepgram.com/v1/listen"
+// model、endpoint 由 config 层保证非空，timeoutSec 为 0 时默认 5 秒。
+func NewDeepgramService(apiKey, model, endpoint string, timeoutSec int, logger *zap.SugaredLogger) *DeepgramService {
+	timeout := time.Duration(timeoutSec) * time.Second
+	if timeout <= 0 {
+		timeout = 5 * time.Second
 	}
 	return &DeepgramService{
 		apiKey:   apiKey,
 		model:    model,
 		endpoint: endpoint,
+		timeout:  timeout,
 		logger:   logger,
 	}
 }
@@ -57,8 +58,8 @@ func (d *DeepgramService) Recognize(ctx context.Context, audio []byte, opts Opti
 	// 构建 WebSocket URL，附带查询参数
 	wsURL := d.buildURL(opts)
 
-	// 5 秒总超时
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 5*time.Second)
+	// 总超时
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, d.timeout)
 	defer cancel()
 
 	// 建立 WebSocket 连接
diff --git a/backend/internal/ai/stt/mimo.go b/backend/internal/ai/stt/mimo.go
index 887b285..68e0c0d 100644
--- a/backend/internal/ai/stt/mimo.go
+++ b/backend/internal/ai/stt/mimo.go
@@ -21,21 +21,22 @@ type MiMoService struct {
 	apiKey   string
 	model    string
 	endpoint string
+	timeout  time.Duration
 	logger   *zap.SugaredLogger
 }
 
 // NewMiMoService 创建 MiMo STT 服务。
-func NewMiMoService(apiKey, model, endpoint string, logger *zap.SugaredLogger) *MiMoService {
-	if model == "" {
-		model = "mimo-v2.5-asr"
-	}
-	if endpoint == "" {
-		endpoint = "https://api.xiaomimimo.com/v1"
+// model、endpoint 由 config 层保证非空，timeoutSec 为 0 时默认 10 秒。
+func NewMiMoService(apiKey, model, endpoint string, timeoutSec int, logger *zap.SugaredLogger) *MiMoService {
+	timeout := time.Duration(timeoutSec) * time.Second
+	if timeout <= 0 {
+		timeout = 10 * time.Second
 	}
 	return &MiMoService{
 		apiKey:   apiKey,
 		model:    model,
 		endpoint: endpoint,
+		timeout:  timeout,
 		logger:   logger,
 	}
 }
@@ -126,7 +127,7 @@ func (m *MiMoService) Recognize(ctx context.Context, audio []byte, opts Options)
 
 	url := strings.TrimRight(m.endpoint, "/") + "/chat/completions"
 
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 10*time.Second)
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, m.timeout)
 	defer cancel()
 
 	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, url, bytes.NewReader(body))